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Scientific Research
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What Is Scientific Research?
As defined by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization or UNESCO, research is a systematic and creative approach to increasing knowledge and understanding about humans, societies, and cultures and applying it to new areas of interest. As such, scientific research is a neutral, methodical, and organized process with several steps that utilize previously acquired knowledge that is non-existent in the available literature. It is observational and experimental concerning data collection methods, analytical and descriptive when talking about causality, and retrospective, prospective, and cross-dimensional with regards to time. Scientific research aims to uncover and provide an explanation about how and why things occur. It allows researchers to test, determine, and recreate certain phenomena to have a clear understanding. As a systematic process, it is a way to develop case studies and understand the situations better. Scientific research is the pillar of many sciences, including psychology and chemistry, that helps explain and prove assumptions and theories. It also provides possible solutions to existing problems.
According to the facts and figures from the UNESCO Science Report towards 2030, a record of over 7.8 million full-time scientific researchers is active during 2013, with a growth rate of 21 percent since 2017. For a bigger picture, researchers represent 0.1 percent of the total population.
Types of Scientific Research
Research in itself originates from the curious minds of human beings, intending to seek new knowledge and make discoveries. As it represents a systematic, innovative, and reconstructive technique, scientific research has different types that focus on specific information. The main classifications of scientific research are fundamental and applied research, further divided into quantitative, qualitative, and mixed research. There are also exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and action research, all of which have explanations below.
Components of Scientific Research
Scientific research uses the scientific method to conduct comprehensive processes and techniques to obtain reliable and realistic results. Using the scientific method for scientific research consists of five elements, namely, observation, research problem, hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion.
How To Perform a Scientific Research
Researchers conduct scientific research to contribute facts and information backed with substantial evidence and data. In conducting scientific research, there are different steps that researchers must utilize to achieve accurate and efficient results. Below is a helpful guide to conducting comprehensive scientific research.
1. Plan the Research Project
When planning for the research project, start with choosing a topic that brings interest. Depending on the field of study you wish to conduct, select from different sciences and even outside of it. As long as you can perform the research method, it is a viable subject for experimentation. Identify a research problem to be the focus of your research, with literature reviews and resources available to support your question. From the comprehensive literature research, revise your research problem as necessary to make it more specific. Construct a hypothesis, then formulate your research plan.
2. Design Your Experimentation Process
In designing your experiments, researchers must determine the sample size. The sample size serves as your experimental group. After making rough estimates for your sample group, identify all the necessary equipment, resources, and solutions. It is also advisable to indicate all experimental conditions, having a manageable number of testing opportunities for your experiment. Identify the control condition you expect to use for your groups. An experiment has one variable with multiple control to see possible and significant changes. Define the outcome of the study and experiments to indicate whether the procedures are successful. After indicating the overall experimental design, write down a detailed experimental method.
3. Conduct the Experiments
As researchers conduct the experiments, they must plan their processes thoroughly. Draw up a comprehensive schedule for each part of the experiment. Collect all the necessary materials to conduct the experiments and begin with experimenting using the experimentation protocol. If anything goes wrong or unplanned, ensure that there is a prevention plan to discontinue or troubleshoot the experiment. Repeat the entire process as necessary to obtain more accurate testing results.
4. Conduct Data Analysis and Ready Document Drafting
Start data analysis by transferring results into another program for comparison, creating visual charts and graphs to represent their relationships. Using the data from the experiments, perform the proper statistical methods to determine its significance with your current data sets. Generate the figures you have for drafting in applications like Excel. Guarantee that they are concise and clear. After gathering all the results and interpretations, begin writing the material and methods sections. Detail explanations from the outcomes and relevance to the field of study, including gaps analysis and possible literature in the future.
FAQs
What is scientific research based from?
For a research study to be scientific, the construction of the research finding must enable other researchers to process and obtain similar outcomes when repeating the experimental process. Remember that scientific knowledge must be accessible to the public and open to possible challenges.
What is the importance of scientific research?
The purpose of scientific research is to provide explanations to problems, observations, and phenomena through an objective process. It is valuable for developing and promoting different bodies of knowledge that can kickstart innovative ideas, allowing human beings to live in a more comfortable and healthier world. Above all, scientific research dispels falsified claims, opinions, and information due to inaccuracy and weak research materials.
What are the characteristics of scientific research?
Scientific research must possess the following characteristic for it to become effective. Scientific researches are objective, verifiable, ethically neutral, systematic, reliable, accurate, abstract, and predictable.
Scientific research is prominent not just in the field of sciences and mathematics. Researchers conduct research studies not only in academia but also in business organizations. Many scientists, analysts, and other professions utilize scientific research because it follows a systematic process to develop studies and literature concerning various subjects and topics. Make use of scientific research in the company to create case studies for predicting market trends and customer needs. Introduce scientific research to the company today by downloading the samples available in the article!